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Inglês Britânico x Americano

5. Diferenças Gramaticais

a - Present Perfect x Passado Simples    

No inglês americano, o Passado Simples pode ser usado com already, just e yet. No inglês britânico, utiliza-se o Present Perfect com estes advérbios:

(BrE)
(NAmE)
I have already given her the present.
I already gave her the present.
I've just seen her.
I just saw her.
Have you heard the news yet?
Did you heard the news yet?

b - Have x Have got

No inglês britânico pode-se utilizar have got ou have para expressar a idéia de posse, em qualquer tipo de frase. No inglês americano somente have pode ser utilizado em frases negativas e interrogativas.

(BrE)
(NAmE)
They have/have got two computers
Have you got a computer? Yes, I have. Do you have a computer? Yes, I do.

c - Preposições e partículas

Algumas preposições e partículas são empregadas de modos diferentes no inglês britânico e no inglês americano:

American English
British English
Portuguese:
checking something (out)
check something
conferir algo
different from/than
different from/to
 
diferente de
do something over/again
do something again
 
fazer algo novamente/outra vez
in a course
on a course
 
em um curso
live on X street
live in X street
morar na rua
look around the church
look (a)round the church
reconhecendo/visitando a igreja
meet somebody (by chance) / meet with somebody (planned)
meet somebody
encontrar-se com alguém
Monday through/ to friday
Monday to friday
de segunda à sexta-feira.
on a team
in a team
em um time
on the weekend
at the weekend
no fim de semana
ten after/past four (time)
ten past four
quatro e dez
ten to/of/before/till four
ten to four
dez para as quatro
stay home
stay at home
ficar em casa

d - Forma do Advérbio:

No inglês americano informal não se usa com muita frequência a forma do advérbio terminada em -ly:

He looked at me really strangely. (BrE)
He looked at me really strange. (NAmE)

e - Modal Shall

No inglês americano, o modal shall não é utilizado no lugar de will quando temos a primeira pessoa do singular do futuro:

I shall/will be here tomorrow. (BrE)
I will be here tomorrow. (NAmE)

Shall também não é empregado em oferecimentos corteses:

Shall I open the window? (BrE)
Should I open the window? (NAmE)

f - Verbos Irregulares

No inglês britânico o passado simples e o particípio de muitos verbos pode ser formado com -ed ou -t, como, por exemplo, burned/burnt. No inglês americano somente as formas terminadas em -ed são utilizadas:

They burned/burnt the documents. (BrE)
They burned the documents. (NAmE)

Quando o particípio é utilizado como adjetivo, o inglês britânico prima pela terminação em -t, ao passo que no inglês americano prefere-se a terminação em -ed (com a exceção de burnt):

a spoilt child (BrE)
a spoiled child (NAmE)

burnt toast (BrE and NAmE)

g - Go x Come and...

Freqüentemente se omite a conjunção "and" nessas expressões:

Go and take a look outside. (BrE)
Go take a look outside. (NAmE)

h - Ao Telefone

Hello, is that David? (BrE)
Hello, is this David? (NAmE)


[Texto original em inglês:]

Differences in Grammar

a - Present Perfect x Simple Past

In American English (NAmE) the Simple Past can be used with already, just and yet. In British English (BrE), the Present Perfect is used with these adverbs:

(BrE)
(NAmE)
I have already given her the present.
I already gave her the present.
I've just seen her.
I just saw her.
Have you heard the news yet?
Did you heard the news yet?

b - Have x Have got

In BrE it is possible to use have got or have to express the idea of possession. In NAmE only have can be used in questions and negative sentences:

(BrE)
(NAmE)
They have/have got two computers
Have you got a computer? Yes, I have. Do you have a computer? Yes, I do.

c - Prepositions and particles

Some prepositions and particles are used differently in British and American English:

American English
British English
checking something (out)
check something
different from/than
different from/to
do something over/again
do something again
in a course
on a course
live on X street
live in X street
look around the church
look (a)round the church
meet somebody (by chance) / meet with somebody (planned)
meet somebody
Monday through/ to friday
Monday to friday
on a team
in a team
on the weekend
at the weekend
ten after/past four (time)
ten past four
ten to/of/before/till four
ten to four
stay home
stay at home

d - Form of the Adverb

In informal American English the adverb form ending in -ly is often not used:

He looked at me really strangely. (BrE)
He looked at me really strange. (NAmE)

e - Shall

Shall is not used instead of will in American English for the first person singular of the future:

I shall/will be here tomorrow. (BrE)
I will be here tomorrow. (NAmE)

Nor is it used in polite offers:

Shall I open the window? (BrE)
Should I open the window? (NAmE)

f - Irregular Verbs

In British English the past simple and past participle of many verbs can be formed with -ed or -t, for example, burned/burnt. In American English only the forms ending in -ed are used:

They burned/burnt the documents. (BrE)
They burned the documents. (NAmE)

When the past participle is used as an adjective, British English prefer the -t form, whereas in American English the -ed form is preferred, (with the exception of burnt):

a spoilt child (BrE)
a spoiled child (NAmE)

burnt toast (BrE and NAmE)

g - Go x Come and...

In these expressions "and" is often omitted:

Go and take a look outside. (BrE)
Go take a look outside. (NAmE)

h - On the telephone

Hello, is that David? (BrE)
Hello, is this David (NAmE)

Ir para - Go to:

1. Introdução - Introduction

2. Diferenças de Vocabulário - Differences in Vocabulary

3. Diferenças de Ortografia - Differences in Spelling

4. Diferenças de Pronúncia - Differences in Pronunciation

5. Diferenças Gramaticais - Differences in Grammar

Como referenciar: "Inglês Britânico x Americano" em Só Língua Inglesa. Virtuous Tecnologia da Informação, 2008-2024. Consultado em 05/12/2024 às 17:28. Disponível na Internet em http://www.solinguainglesa.com.br/conteudo/brit_amer5.php